omicron hospitalization rate vaccinated by age omicron hospitalization rate vaccinated by age

SARS-CoV-2 delta VOC in Scotland: demographics, risk of hospital admission, and vaccine effectiveness. Rep. 69, 10811088 (2020). During the study period, home testing became more prevalent. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Recently another study reported that the effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against infections and hospitalizations among pregnant people was higher during the Delta period than during the Omicron period21. Delahoy MJ, Whitaker M, OHalloran A, et al. N. Engl. To obtain J. Med. J. Epidemiol. The remaining authors declare no competing interests. In all models, we used calendar days as the time scale to account for changes over time in SARS-CoV-2 circulation and vaccine uptake. This work was supported by grants from the UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) Medical Research Council (NMF, WH, SB, EV, ACG [Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis; MR/R015600/1], DDA, AMP [MC/UU/00002/11], and SRS [MC/UU/00002/10]); Medical Research Council UKRIDepartment of Health and Social Care National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) COVID-19 rapid response call (NMF, SB [MR/V038109/1], TN, AC, DDA, and AMP [MC/PC/19074]); the NIHR Health Protection Units in: Modelling and Health Economics (NMF, WH, SB, EV, AC, and ACG [NIHR200908]), Behavioural Science and Evaluation (AC and DDA), and Respiratory Infections (JLB); Wellcome Trust (SFunk and SA [210758/Z/18/Z]); philanthropic funding from Community Jameel (NMF, WH, SB, and EV); and the UKRI Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (SFlax [EP/V002910/2]). Views equals page views plus PDF downloads. ICU admission status was missing in 1.3% (weighted) of hospitalizations; these hospitalizations are included in other analyses. This is consistent with data showing the incidence of positive SARS-CoV-2 test results or death from COVID-19 is higher among unvaccinated adults and adults who have not received a booster than among those who have received a booster or additional dose (5). Among all adults, relative to the Delta-predominant period, COVID-19related illness was the primary reason for admission for a smaller percentage of hospitalizations (87.5% versus 95.5%, p<0.01), and median length of stay was shorter (4 versus 5 days, p<0.01) during the Omicron-predominant period; during this period, the proportion of patients admitted to an intensive care unit, who received invasive mechanical ventilation, and who died in-hospital decreased significantly (all p<0.01). This analysis describes weekly hospitalization rates during Delta- and Omicron-predominant periods. Abbreviations: COVID-NET = COVID-19Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network; ICU=intensive care unit; IMV=invasive mechanical ventilation; LTCF=long-term care facility; NA = not applicable. State data show the average age for COVID deaths was about 80 in late 2020, but dropped in spring 2021 to as low as 69 after most older adults received their first COVID vaccines. This was the highest age-adjusted weekly rate observed among any racial and ethnic group during the pandemic. Among children 12 to 17, the . URL addresses listed in MMWR were current as of Adults with no documented receipt of any COVID-19 vaccine dose before the test date were considered unvaccinated. Suggested citation for this article: Taylor CA, Whitaker M, Anglin O, et al. SGN, HHW, NA, WH, MK, PB, AZ, JLB, MC, NAA, KH, RH, AC, GD, and ST curated the data. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA covid-19 vaccine. 182, 825831 (2022). Compared with the Delta-predominant period, the proportion of unvaccinated hospitalized Black adults increased during the Omicron-predominant period. Morb. Morb. As Omicron spread in the US, hospitalization rates in December were much lower for the vaccinated. Morb. National influenza and COVID-19 surveillance report: 27 January 2022 (week 4). Omicron data in UK is 'enormously worrying,' immunologist says "In the last two weeks, no fewer than 80% of admissions were below the age of 50 years. PubMed Central Weekly rates among unvaccinated adults and adults who received a primary COVID-19 vaccination series with a booster or additional dose peaked at 149.8 (January 8, 2022) and 11.7 (January 22, 2022), respectively. Chi-square tests were used to compare differences between the Delta- and Omicron-predominant periods; p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. PLoS ONE 15, e0229279 (2020). N. Engl. Evaluation of the relative virulence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants: a retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada. and/or the original MMWR paper copy for printable versions of official text, figures, and tables. The finding that maternal vaccination was less effective at protecting infants during the Omicron dominant period is also consistent with previous studies which have reported decreased effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines during Omicron among children and adults14,20. Iowa did not provide immunization data but is included in the overall population-based hospitalization rates. Statistical codes are not publicly available but are available from the corresponding author. For mothers of infants in the cohort, we extracted from the electronic health record data: age at pregnancy onset, self-reported race/ethnicity (Asian, Black, Hispanic, Pacific Islander, Multiracial, Native American, Other, White), the primary KPNC facility at which the woman received most of their health care, insurance payor (dichotomized as Medicare/Medicaid/other subsidized insurance and Other), neighborhood deprivation index [NDI]35 categorized into quartiles with higher values representing greater deprivation), pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI=kg/m2; underweight <18.5, normal 18.524.9, overweight 25.029.9, obese 30.0), pre-pregnancy diabetes status, pre-pregnancy hypertension, and parity (0, 1, 2, 3, 4). The average death rate among Americans over age 65 who contract the flu has ranged between 1 in 75 and 1 in 160 in recent years, according to the C.D.C. Annually, approximately 40,000 births occur at KPNC facilities. https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.01.11.22269045v1, https://data.cdc.gov/Vaccinations/COVID-19-Vaccination-Demographics-in-the-United-St/km4m-vcsb. COVID-19Associated Hospitalizations Among Adults During SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron Variant Predominance, by Race/Ethnicity and Vaccination Status COVID-NET, 14 States, July 2021January 2022. part 46, 21 C.F.R. Two to 4 weeks after a booster dose, vaccine effectiveness ranged from around 65-75%, dropped to 55-70% at 5 to 9 weeks, and 40-50% from 10 weeks or more after a booster dose. Over the entire study period, the crude rate of hospitalization with a SARS-CoV-2 positive test was lower during the first 6 months of life among infants whose mothers received at least two doses . First, COVID-19associated hospitalizations might have been missed because of hospital testing practices and test availability. Mortal. Nature. Models were adjusted for the covariates listed above. Cite this article. In-hospital death status was missing in 1.4% (weighted) of hospitalizations; these hospitalizations are otherwise included elsewhere in the analysis. PubMed Variances were estimated using Taylor series linearization method. Introduction: A rapid increase in COVID-19 cases due to the spread of the Delta and Omicron variants in vaccinated populations has raised concerns about the hospitalization risk associated with, and the effectiveness of, COVID-19 vaccines. Google Scholar. We observed that infants protection through vaccination during pregnancy decreased as they aged from 2 months to 6 months. The proportion of hospitalized adults who received booster or additional doses increased from 1.3% during the Delta-predominant period to 13.4% during the Omicron-predominant period (p<0.01)***; among these, 10.7% were long-term care facility residents and 69.5% had an immunosuppressive condition. Black adults accounted for 25.2% of all unvaccinated persons hospitalized during the Delta-predominant period; that proportion increased by 23%, to 31.0% during the Omicron-predominant period. Data from the COVID-19Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET) were analyzed to compare COVID-19associated hospitalization rates among adults aged 18 years during B.1.617.2 (Delta; July 1December 18, 2021) and Omicron (December 19, 2021January 31, 2022) variant predominance, overall and by race/ethnicity and vaccination status. The study did not adjust for maternal SARS-CoV-2 infections during pregnancy due to the inability of capturing home testing results. Moline HL, Whitaker M, Deng L, et al. The funders played no direct role in the study. Sarah J. Vaccine effectiveness of cell-culture relative to egg-based inactivated influenza vaccine during the 2017-18 influenza season. Receipt of COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy and preterm or small-for-gestational-age at birtheight integrated Health Care Organizations, United States, December 15, 2020-July 22, 2021. To ensure stability and reliability of rates by vaccination status, data are presented beginning when 14 days have passed since at least 5% of the population of adults aged 18 years in the COVID-NET surveillance catchment area had received an additional or booster dose. Gordon, N. & Lin, T. The Kaiser Permanente Northern California adult member health survey. Rep. 71, 429436 (2022). Graff, K. et al. *** LTCF residents include hospitalized adults who were identified as residents of a nursing home/skilled nursing facility, rehabilitation facility, assisted living/residential care, long-term acute care hospital, group/retirement home, or other LTCF upon hospital admission. Fully-vaccinated in this chart meant one dose of the J&J vaccine or two doses of Pfizer or Moderna. Relative to unvaccinated hospitalized patients, hospitalized vaccinees were more likely to be older (median age, 70 vs 58 years) and to have at least three underlying conditions (77.8% vs 51.6%). The final study population included 30311 (48.8%) infants who were KPNC members at least 2 months after birth. The outcomes were the infants first positive nasal/throat swab for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR, and the first COVID-19-related hospitalization, occurring during the first 6 months of life and recorded in the electronic health record. pdf files, Omicron: fewer adverse outcomes come with new dangers, Statement on offensive historical content, Redistribute or republish the final article, Reuse portions or extracts from the article in other works. In supplemental analyses by trimester of vaccination, receipt of the second dose during the second and third trimesters reduced the risk of infants testing SARS-CoV-2 positive during the Delta dominant period by 91% (95% CI: 63, 98) and 85% (95% CI: 50, 96), respectively, during the first 2 months of life, by 59% (95% CI: 21, 79) and 67% (95% CI: 37, 83) during the first 4 months of life and by 64% (95% CI:31, 81) and 53% (95% CI: 24, 71) during the first 6 months of life. Includes current treatment or recent diagnosis within the previous 12 months of an immunosuppressive condition or use of an immunosuppressive therapy. Shimabukuro, T. T. et al. All authors reviewed the manuscript. The company also said full results of its 2,250-person study confirmed the pill's promising early results against the virus: The drug reduced combined hospitalizations and deaths by about 89. Nature Communications (Nat Commun) Google Scholar. TN, NMF, SGN, DDA, AMP, and ST wrote the original draft of the manuscript. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:1328. The cumulative monthly age-adjusted hospitalization rate during January 2022 among unvaccinated adults (528.2) was 12 times the rates among those who had received a booster or additional dose (45.0) and four times the rates among adults who received a primary series, but no booster or additional dose (133.5). Google Scholar. Vaccinations were limited only to those received during pregnancy. Aircraft wastewater surveillance could be used with traveler-based surveillance to provide an early warning system for COVID-19 and other pathogens. Mortal. As of December 25, the rate among unvaccinated people was 78 per 100,000, compared to 4 per 100,000 among fully vaccinated people, the CDC reported. The infection fatality rate from Covid-19 fell more than 10-fold from a little more than 1 per cent in January 2021 to 0.1 per cent in July as the UK's vaccination campaign was rolled out, and . The risk of hospitalisation appeared to increase when comparing delta with alpha infections. Vaccine 35, 72977301 (2017). During Omicron predominance, children aged <6 months accounted for 44% of hospitalizations among children ages 04 years3. Marks, K. J. et al. Article Evaluation of acute adverse events after Covid-19 vaccination during pregnancy. As with previous variants, being vaccinated greatly protects you from severe disease with omicron. Durability of anti-spike antibodies in infants after maternal COVID-19 vaccination or natural infection. Am. Frequency, characteristics and complications of COVID-19 in hospitalized infants. J. Med. The vaccines have proved highly safe and effective at reducing the risk of severe illness, hospitalization and death. A free-text field for other types of residences was examined; patients with an LTCF-type residence were also categorized as LTCF residents. Adults who received booster doses were classified as those who completed their primary vaccination series and received an additional or booster dose of vaccine on or after August 13, 2021, at any time after the completion of their primary series, and 14 days before a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2, because COVID-19associated hospitalizations are a lagging indicator, and time passed after receipt of a booster dose has been shown to be associated with reduced rates of COVID-19 infection (https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2114255). COVID-19associated signs and symptoms included respiratory symptoms (congestion or runny nose, cough, hemoptysis or bloody sputum, shortness of breath or respiratory distress, sore throat, upper respiratory infection, influenza-like illness, and wheezing) and non-respiratory symptoms (abdominal pain, altered mental status or confusion, anosmia or decreased smell, chest pain, conjunctivitis, diarrhea, dysgeusia or decreased taste, fatigue, fever or chills, headache, muscle aches or myalgias, nausea or vomiting, rash, and seizures). Pediatr. With the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in late 2021, Canadian public health case/contact testing was scaled back due to high infection rates with milder symptoms in a highly vaccinated population. M.G. Covid-19 vaccine effectiveness against the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant. 384, 22732282 (2021). Among nonpregnant and pregnant adults aged 18 years, hospitalization rates were calculated overall, and by race/ethnicity and COVID-19 vaccination status. 61) indicates a lower risk of hospitalisation with omicron versus delta, averaging over all age groups and vaccination strata. With wave after wave of SARS-CoV-2 variants, COVID-19 patients filled the worlds' hospitals and morgues because not everybody had access to vaccines or were willing to be vaccinated. Third, because immunocompromise status is not always known, it is not possible to distinguish between booster and additional doses; this could have influenced observed rates. Vaccine 31, 21652168 (2013). Wkly. In King County, Wash., which includes Seattle, unvaccinated people were 13 times more likely to be hospitalized for coronavirus since December than people who were fully vaccinated. Sect. Wkly. Iuliano AD, Brunkard JM, Boehmer TK, et al. 139, e20164091 (2017). Access your favorite topics in a personalized feed while you're on the go. (2021) Omicron is supercharging the COVID vaccine booster debate. This is in keeping with the age profile. Our primary cohort analysis used calendar days as the underlying scale to ensure that we compared infants of vaccinated and unvaccinated mothers on the same calendar days because vaccination status during pregnancy and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection varied over the study period. J. Med. Adults who completed a primary vaccination series were persons who had received the second dose of a 2-dose COVID-19 vaccination series or a single dose of a 1-dose product 14 days before a positive SARS-CoV-2 test associated with their hospitalization but received no booster or additional dose. Initial hospital data from England and Denmark also suggest Omicron cases are less severe. All adjustment variables were selected a priori based on prior work36. In this primary design, all eligible infants meeting inclusion criteria were included without sampling which improved power and minimized bias related to selection. In the first study, a team led by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) researchers analyzed data on 192,509 hospitalizations from more than 250 hospitals in 13 states participating in the COVID-19Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network from Jan 1, 2021, to Apr 30, 2022. Partially vaccinated adults, and those who received a single dose of a 1-dose product <14 days before the positive SARS-CoV-2 test result were not included in analyses by vaccination status but were included in rates and overall proportions that were not stratified by vaccination status. Starting the week ending December 4, 2021, Maryland data are not included in calculations but are included in previous weeks. Overall, the study results support recommendations for vaccination during pregnancy to protect both mothers and their infants. Corresponding author: Christopher A. Taylor, iyq3@cdc.gov. Foo, D., Sarna, M., Pereira, G., Moore, H. C. & Regan, A. K. Longitudinal, population-based cohort study of prenatal influenza vaccination and influenza infection in childhood. Late last year, as Omicron was spreading fast in the US, hospitalization rates per 100,000 rose sharply among unvaccinated adults, while rates in those who were fully vaccinated remained. the date of publication. PubMed Still, even with a smaller percentage of people getting severely ill during the Omicron wave, a large number of cases over a short time can lead to a spike in people being hospitalized or admitted . By clicking Sign up, you agree to receive marketing emails from Insider After adjusting for covariates, vaccination during pregnancy significantly reduced the risk of the infant testing SARS-CoV-2 positive by 84% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 66, 93) during the first 2 months of life, 62% (95% CI: 39, 77) during the first 4 months of life and 56% (95% CI: 34,71) during the first 6 months of life. Risk was especially high for people with severe combined immunodeficiency (HR, 6.2). Classification of omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern. The rate among adults who received a primary series, but no booster or additional dose (133.5), was three times the rate among adults who received a booster or additional dose (45.0). A recent study found that the mean titer of maternally derived antibodies in infants of vaccinated mothers were higher at age 2 months compared with antibody titers at age 6 months23. During Omicron predominance, shortly after the Food and Drug Administration authorized COVID-19 vaccination for this age group, population-based hospitalization rates among unvaccinated children were twice as high as were those among vaccinated children. Wkly. Questions or messages regarding errors in formatting should be addressed to Monthly COVID-19 hospitalization rates were 3.5 to 17.7 times higher in unvaccinated patients than in their vaccinated counterparts, regardless of whether they had received a booster. Models in this analysis were adjusted for the same covariates included in the primary analysis. Halasa, N. B. et al. adjudicated chart reviews. Persons who received only 1 vaccine dose of a 2-dose series 14 days before the SARS-CoV-2 test date or had received a single dose of either a 1- or 2-dose vaccination series <14 days before the positive SARS-CoV-2 test result were considered partially vaccinated and were not included in rates by vaccination status. Risk of hospitalisation associated with infection with SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 in Denmark: an observational cohort study. The TND, a case-control study, has been commonly used in studies of the effectiveness of influenza vaccines and more recently COVID-19 vaccines. Hospitalization of infants and children aged 0-4 years with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19COVID-NET, 14 states, March 2020-February 2022. Vaccine effectiveness for 1 dose during the first 6 months of life was 68% (95% CI: 12, 88) (Table2). All adults should stay up to date with COVID-19 vaccination to reduce their risk for COVID-19associated hospitalization. Hobbs, C. V. et al. All adults should stay up to date (1) with COVID-19 vaccination to reduce their risk for COVID-19associated hospitalization. MB), Help with E.L. coordinated administrative tasks. TN, NMF, WH, and SA wrote the software. To update your cookie settings, please visit the, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00462-7, Comparative analysis of the risks of hospitalisation and death associated with SARS-CoV-2 omicron (B.1.1.529) and delta (B.1.617.2) variants in England: a cohort study, https://www.who.int/news/item/26-11-2021-classification-of-omicron-(b.1.1.529)-sars-cov-2-variant-of-concern, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/scientific-brief-omicron-variant.html, https://www.mrc-bsu.cam.ac.uk/now-casting/report-on-nowcasting-and-forecasting-9th-december-2021/, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1050999/Technical-Briefing-35-28January2022.pdf, https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/severity-of-omicron-variant-of-concern-and-vaccine-effectiveness-, https://www.imperial.ac.uk/mrc-global-infectious-disease-analysis/covid-19/report-50-severity-omicron/, https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.11.22269045, https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.12.22269179, https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.20.22269406, https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.12.22269148, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1054071/vaccine-surveillance-report-week-6.pdf, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/investigation-of-sars-cov-2-variants-routine-variant-data-update, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-test-and-trace-statistics-england-methodology/nhs-test-and-trace-statistics-england-methodology, https://www.england.nhs.uk/contact-us/privacy-notice/national-flu-vaccination-programme/, https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-collections-and-data-sets/data-sets/emergency-care-data-set-ecds, https://digital.nhs.uk/services/secondary-uses-service-sus, https://www.england.nhs.uk/statistics/statistical-work-areas/covid-19-hospital-activity/, https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.08.13.21262014, View Large